Cylinder of internal-combustion engine



Nov. 18, 1930. F. H. ROYCE ET AL 1,782,317

CYLINDER OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Dec. 7, 1927 Patented Nov. 18, I I

" UNITED STATES PA EN OFFICE FREDERICK HENRY ROYCE, OF WEST WITT'ERING, NEAR CHICHESTER, AND ARTHUR JOHN ROWLEDGE, OF ELLERSLIE, DERBY, AND ALIBERT GEORGE ELLIOTT, 'OF WEST WITTERING, NEAR CHICHESTER, ENGLAND CYLINDER OF IN [DENTAL-COMBUSTION ENGIN E Application filed December 7, 1927, Serial No. 238,442, and in Great Britain December 24, 1926.

This invention has reference to internal combustion engines of the type in which the cylinder block comprising the outer walls of the water jacket, the cylinder heads, the valve chambers, the valve guides, and the walls of the cooling water spaces around the heads and bends, is made of aluminium or alu-v minium alloy. The cylinder barrels (in this type of engine) are of'steel or other suitable metal in the form of liners supported inv the aluminium cylinder block and the cooling water is in direct contact with the cylinder barrels.

Hitherto it has been the general practice in constructing engines of the type referred to, to make the cylinder heads, valve chambers, valve guides and'the walls of the water cooling spaces around the heads and valve chambers of one casting, and the remaining part of the block of another casting, to insert the cylinder barrels at the upper ends of the latter casting, and locate them therein axially by means of outwardly projecting flanges on the cylinder barrels at the upper ends thereof, seating respectively on annular bosses on thesaid latter casting and held in position by the former casting which is subsequently attached. Such arrangement hasdrawbacks, and in particular it is difficult with such an arrangement to make a Watertight joint between the aluminium block and the cylinder barrel at the base of the block (i. e. at the lower end of the water jacket), and in case of leakage through'such joint to prevent the water from finding its way into the crank shaft chamber.

This invention is an improved construction of the type of engine in which the aluminium cylinder block comprising the outer walls of the cylinder jacket, cylinder heads, valve chambers, valve guides and water jacket of the heads is in one casting and the cylinder barrels are inserted through circular holes formed in the casting.

The invention consists mainly in the method of fixing an aluminium cylinder block to.

. minium According to this invention the aluminium cylinderblock is fixed tothe'crank shaft case by long studs screwed intothe latter, passing through holes in the base of the a'lucylinder block and through the water space of the cylinder jacks extending et to and through the upper part of the block and secured by nuts on the upper side thereof. 1n the accompanying drawings is illustrated an example of this invention, the cylinder barrel being of steel.

The left hand half of Fig. l is asection on the axis of one cylinder across the cylinder block andthe right hand half between two adjacent cylinders asshown in Fig. 4. Fig. 2 is a part-section showing the alternative method of making a water joint at the base of the cylinder. Fig. 3 is'a part-sectionalelevation between two adjacent cylinders (on plane at right angles to the sections in Fig. 1), and Fig. 4 is a plan section on line 4-4 of Figure 3, and Fig. 5 a plan section on line 55 of Fig.1. v V

a is the aluminiumjcasting comprising the outer wall of the cylinder water jacket, the heads, valve chambers, valve guides, and the water cooling jacket of the valve chambers cooling waterb are steel cylinder barrels formed with shoulders b which seat against the shoulders" a with copper asbestos washers Z2 interveningthus making a gas and watertight joint. Theflcylin'der barrels are formed with thickened out parts I)? termi- I nating in flat surface flanges b which seat on theforificesof'the crank shaft case. An-

nular recessesbi are formed in the walls of the cylinder barrels, preferably with the base of the recess curved inwards and annular rubber blocks 6 are located in these recesses thus forming a water tight oint. Referring to Figure2 Which illustrates another form of water tight oint a are flanges of internal diameter sufficientto allow the flange to pass through, 6 is a rubber washer and b a springy split ring in cross section shape of an L. Referring to Fig. 1, 0 is the crank shaft case formed with a flange 0 around each opening to constitute a seating for the flange b of the steel cylinder. (Z are studs, threaded at each end, screwed into holes formed in bosses d on the crank shait case, (Z are dogs or bridge pieces with a perforation through the centre for the stud alto pass through and with each end seating on a boss formed on the casting, cl arenuts screwed on the bolts whereby the said aluminium casting is firmly secured to the crank shait case, 6 are aluminium tubes encircling the bolts for the purposeof protecting them from the cooling water; expanded out at each end to make water tight oints in holes in the base and in the top of the aluminium cylinder block. The tubes 6 also act an oil drains whereby oil from. the valve mechanism is conducted through the holes (2 into the crank shaft case. 0 are annular oil resisting rubber blocks ins'erted in recesses in the bosses around the bolts against which the tubes 6 impinge. e are tapered tubes closely fittingin the tubes 6 and extending into and closely fitting the annular rubber blocks 6 for the purpose of making a water and oil tight joint between the tubes and the crank shaft case.

What we claim is 1. In a multi-cylinder internal combustion water-cooled engine, a cylinder block having a single walled cooling jacket, and head and base portions all integrally cast of aluminum alloy, said head and base portions being recessed and having packing means associated therewith for seating steel cylinder liners therein, registering bolt holes formed in said head and base portions, fasteningmeans pas ing through said bolt holes and connecting with a supporting crank-case, and aluminum tubes having gas and water-tight connections with said head and base portions surrounding said fastening means.

2. In an internal combustion water-cooled engine, according to claim 1, means for mak ing oil tight joints between thetubes and the crank-case, comprising annular recesses in the boss of the crank-case around the fastening means, the latterconsisting oi threaded bolts, annular oil-resisting rubber blocks in said recesses with. a clearance between the same and the bolts, the ends of the aluminum tubes imingmg on the outer faces of the rubber locks, and short tapered tubes enclrcling the bolts with a clearance therefrom inserted in and closely fitting the annular blocks.

In witness whereof we have signed this specification. 1

FREDERICK HENRY ROYCE. ALBERT GEORGE ELLIOTT. ARTHUR JQHN ROlVLEDGE. 

